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Recommendation 1173 (1992)
Preservation of libraries and scientific archives in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe
1. The democratic transformation in
Central and Eastern Europe affects all society. The political opening offers
a wide scope to free thought and exchange of opinion and the acceleration
of scientific work. In spite of this, scientific research and development
are struggling for survival, together with the public scientific collections
which serve as their basis.
2. The current lack of financing in Central and Eastern Europe
does not only mean that a smaller stock will be purchased at present
but leads to gaps that cannot be compensated in the future. In the
long run this situation might endanger the quality of scientific
and educational work, and therefore affect the education of future
generations and their supply of information.
3. Scientific research and development are a long-term investment,
indispensable for all societies, and cannot function without a wide
range of libraries, archives, museums and other centres to collect
and provide information.
4. Central and East European countries have inherited public
collections that are both economically and politically different.
Nowadays this is compounded by differing economic potential.
5. From the beginning of the changes, a positive development
has been observed: library workers have started to save and to reorganise
the collections.
6. The first and most serious problem is that the measures taken
by the new regimes to fight economic recession have reduced central
support for public libraries and archives.
7. With the reorganisation and decentralisation of the network
of libraries and archives, control has passed to the newly-formed
local authorities which do not yet have the resources necessary
even for their own maintenance expenses.
8. Due to lack of money, the libraries and archives have reduced
the development of their stocks, and can only preserve them with
considerable difficulty. In the economically underdeveloped countries,
the most basic technical facilities are lacking.
9. Only those libraries and archives which have broad international
connections have a chance of maintaining their standards and certain
of them have had to close.
10. The integration, into the present structures, of the libraries,
archives and collections of the institutions of the former communist
party regimes is giving rise to professional and political problems.
11. The situation is especially difficult in eastern Germany,
where the previous personnel and material stock are seriously reduced,
but it is rapidly deteriorating also in the other countries of Central
and Eastern Europe.
12. Privatisation and reprivatisation affect the buildings of
several libraries and scientific archives, so that many institutions
are threatened with eviction. Due to the compensation laws, the
archive workers have to face huge burdens when the available resources
are lessened.
13. The contradictions arising from the change of regime are not
of a political character. Due to the general economic recession
and the rearrangement of the network, the fate of libraries and
scientific archives is uncertain. The network of libraries and archives
which serves as the background to educational and scientific activity
might be treated as economically marginal, and this might cause
irreparable damage to the quality of scientific and educational
work.
14. The deterioration of the scientific archives represents also
a serious loss for the European cultural heritage, as the creation
of archives of the documents of this unique political transformation
will later be impossible.
15. The Assembly recommends that the Committee of Ministers:
a. call upon governments of the democratising Central and East European countries :i. to act responsibly in the case of every investment affecting the future of high-level educational and research work and the network of libraries and archives serving the relevant institutes;ii. to pass legislation concerning museums and archives as soon as possible and with a view to facilitating research while protecting the personal rights of victims;
b. call upon its committees and the professional organisations in member states to organise expert conferences, seminars and exchanges to contribute to the professional training of their Central and East European colleagues and to the application of the latest technology;
c. call upon the Council of Europe member states:i. to make possible the development of the necessary infrastructure for libraries and archives;ii. to invite their national scientific and university institutions to contact their East European partner organisations and to encourage exchanges with them;iii. to put pressure on the publishers and foundations sending aid to institutions in Central and Eastern Europe, so that they ask the opinion of these institutions on their needs and give assistance accordingly.
16. The Assembly calls on the International Federation of Libraries
and Archives (IFLA), the League of European Research Libraries (LIBER)
the Council of National Archives (CNA), the International Association
of Labour History Institutions (IALHI) and other similar institutions
to encourage actively their contacts with other organisations which
are not yet members.
17. It also calls on the European Conference of Rectors (CRE)
and other European university institutions to include the preservation
of libraries and archives in their programmes of co-operation with
Central and Eastern Europe.
18. The Assembly emphasises:
a. that the treasures of the Central and East European countries' libraries and archives are organic parts of the European cultural heritage, the responsibility for which is shared by all member states;
b. that the mechanism of European integration can be effective and successful only if collective action and collaboration develop among the partners from the outset;
c. that the availability of libraries and archives to the general public and to journalists and researchers in particular is essential for the free flow of information and will be indispensable for writing the recent history of Europe.