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Collection of written amendments (Revised version)

  • Doc. 14403
  • The functioning of democratic institutions in Azerbaijan

Draft resolution

1The Parliamentary Assembly welcomes the readiness expressed by the Azerbaijani authorities to engage in reform processes in the field of human rights and the rule of law and the ongoing dialogue with the authorities in the framework of the Assembly’s monitoring procedure. However, the Assembly insists that this should lead to concrete results. The Assembly stands ready to provide support for the reform processes and their implementation in compliance with European standards.

2The Assembly reiterates that respect for the principle of the separation of powers is essential and emphasises the need to develop the oversight function of the parliament over the executive in Azerbaijan. The Assembly shares the view of the European Commission for Democracy through law (Venice Commission) that recent constitutional changes could make the executive less accountable to parliament.

3The Assembly considers that the justice system in Azerbaijan must be genuinely independent, impartial and free from interference by the executive. As recommended and acknowledged by the Group of States against Corruption (GRECO) and the European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice (CEPEJ), the extensive powers granted to the Judicial–Legal Council in matters related to the appointment, promotion and disciplining of judges are to be welcomed, but there are still concerns regarding the Judicial–Legal Council’s composition and the fact that the executive branch continues to retain prerogatives for key senior appointments. While noticeable progress has been achieved regarding the appraisal, training and ethics of prosecutors, the Assembly remains concerned about the presidential oversight of the Prosecutor’s Office. The Assembly welcomes the progress in the procedure for the selection of new judges through which 60% of the sitting judges have been selected.

(If adopted, amendment 17 falls)
Tabled by Mr Samad SEYIDOV, Mr Sabir HAJIYEV, Mr Vusal HUSEYNOV, Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, Ms Sahiba GAFAROVA, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV, Ms Ganira PASHAYEVA, Mr Rovshan RZAYEV, Mr Talip KÜÇÜKCAN, Ms Serap YAŞAR, Ms Leyla ŞAHİN USTA
In the draft resolution, paragraph 3, replace the third and fourth sentences with the following sentence: "The Assembly notes progress achieved regarding the appraisal, training and ethics of prosecutors and welcomes the improvements in the procedures for the selection of new judges by which 60% of sitting judges have been selected."
(Falls if amendment 1 is adopted)
Tabled by Ms Lotta JOHNSSON FORNARVE, Ms Ulla SANDBÆK, Mr Søren SØNDERGAARD, Mr Andrej HUNKO, Mr Ertuğrul KÜRKÇÜ, Mr Marco NICOLINI, Ms Annette GROTH, Mr Matjaž HANŽEK, Mr George LOUCAIDES, Mr Tiny KOX
In the draft resolution, paragraph 3, delete the last sentence.

4The Assembly recalls that judicial independence and impartiality are prerequisites of a criminal justice system that is compliant with European standards. As underscored by the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, the Assembly notes with concern that much more effective measures have to be taken to strengthen judicial independence vis-à-vis the executive and the prosecutors. Shortcomings highlighted by the case law of the European Court of Human Rights concerning prosecutors’ actions, endorsement by the courts of the prosecution’s requests, ineffective investigations, non-respect for the presumption of innocence, and inequality of arms have also not yet been addressed.

Tabled by Mr Samad SEYIDOV, Mr Sabir HAJIYEV, Mr Vusal HUSEYNOV, Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, Ms Sahiba GAFAROVA, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV, Ms Ganira PASHAYEVA, Mr Rovshan RZAYEV, Mr Talip KÜÇÜKCAN, Ms Serap YAŞAR, Ms Leyla ŞAHİN USTA
In the draft resolution, paragraph 4, replace the third sentence with the following sentence: "The Presidential Executive Order on "improvement of operation of the prison system, humanisation of criminal policies and extension of application of alternative sanctions and non-custodial preventive measures" initiated reforms to address, inter alia, shortcomings highlighted by the case law of the European Court of Human Rights concerning prosecutors' actions, endorsement by the courts of the prosecution's requests, ineffective investigations, non-respect for the presumption of innocence, and inequality of arms.

5While welcoming the ongoing reform initiated by the President of the Republic’s Executive Order on “improvement of operation of the prison system, humanisation of criminal policies and extension of application of alternative sanctions and non-custodial preventive measures”, the Assembly calls on the authorities to rapidly adopt and apply the legislation required for its implementation. The Assembly remains concerned about allegations of excessive use of pretrial detention, which should be the exception rather than the norm, and about the absence of alternative sanctions. Changes in practice will primarily depend on the level of judicial independence and changes in the way law-enforcement bodies work during investigations.

Tabled by Mr Samad SEYIDOV, Mr Sabir HAJIYEV, Mr Vusal HUSEYNOV, Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, Ms Sahiba GAFAROVA, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV, Ms Ganira PASHAYEVA, Mr Rovshan RZAYEV, Mr Talip KÜÇÜKCAN, Ms Serap YAŞAR, Ms Leyla ŞAHİN USTA
In the draft resolution, paragraph 5, in the first sentence, delete the following words: "on "improvement of operation of the prison system, humanisation of criminal policies and extension of application of alternative sanctions and non-custodial preventive measures".
Tabled by Mr Samad SEYIDOV, Mr Sabir HAJIYEV, Mr Vusal HUSEYNOV, Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, Ms Sahiba GAFAROVA, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV, Ms Ganira PASHAYEVA, Mr Rovshan RZAYEV, Mr Talip KÜÇÜKCAN, Ms Serap YAŞAR, Ms Leyla ŞAHİN USTA
In the draft resolution, paragraph 5, at the beginning of the second sentence, insert the following words: "While noting the 30% decrease in the number of rulings on pre-trial detention,".

6The Assembly is concerned about the reported problem of arbitrary application of criminal legislation to limit freedom of expression, as highlighted by the Committee of Ministers in the framework of its supervision of the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights.

Tabled by Ms Lotta JOHNSSON FORNARVE, Ms Ulla SANDBÆK, Mr Søren SØNDERGAARD, Mr Andrej HUNKO, Mr Ertuğrul KÜRKÇÜ, Mr Marco NICOLINI, Ms Annette GROTH, Mr Matjaž HANŽEK, Mr George LOUCAIDES, Mr Tiny KOX
In the draft resolution, at the end of paragraph 6, insert the following sentences: "In 2013-2017, 20 journalists and bloggers were arrested on criminal charges (drug trafficking or hooliganism). There are groups of so-called "prisoners of Facebook", young people who go to prison because of criticising the policy of the authorities on Facebook. Today, 15 journalists and bloggers are in prison."
Tabled by the Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee)
In amendment 18, replace the number "20" with the word "several" and delete the last sentence.

7The Assembly recalls its Resolution 2178 (2017) on the implementation of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights. It notes that more than 120 judgments of the Court against Azerbaijan have not yet or only partially been implemented. The Assembly notes that little progress has been made with regard to the implementation of certain groups of judgments, in particular concerning ill-treatment, violations of the right to a fair trial, freedom of expressions and freedom of assembly and association.

Tabled by Ms Lotta JOHNSSON FORNARVE, Ms Ulla SANDBÆK, Mr Søren SØNDERGAARD, Mr Andrej HUNKO, Mr Ertuğrul KÜRKÇÜ, Mr Marco NICOLINI, Ms Annette GROTH, Mr Matjaž HANŽEK, Mr George LOUCAIDES, Mr Tiny KOX
In the draft resolution, at the end of paragraph 7, insert the following sentences: "Moreover, torture has become more severe. In November 2015, 4 people died in custody. In addition, from April to May 2017, a further 7 people died in custody: Mehman Galandarov, Mehman Huseynov (born 1987), Sahavat Binnatov, Saleh Gafarov, Elchin Guliyev, Tamkin Nizamioglu and Dayandur Azizli."

8The Assembly is concerned about repressive actions against independent media and advocates of freedom of expression in Azerbaijan. These actions are detrimental to effective media freedom and freedom of expression, undermine the safety of journalists and create a climate of violence against those who express divergent views. The Assembly is particularly worried about the recent amendments to the laws on internet regulation and court decisions to block websites, and recalls the need for protection of fundamental rights in the digital area. The Assembly deplores the recent legislative changes, including criminal charges and prison sentences concerning defamation on social media, and reiterates its long-standing demand for decriminalisation of defamation.

Tabled by Mr Samad SEYIDOV, Mr Sabir HAJIYEV, Mr Vusal HUSEYNOV, Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, Ms Sahiba GAFAROVA, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV, Ms Ganira PASHAYEVA, Mr Rovshan RZAYEV, Mr Talip KÜÇÜKCAN, Ms Serap YAŞAR, Ms Leyla ŞAHİN USTA
In the draft resolution, paragraph 8, last sentence, after the words "deplores the", insert the following words: "latest developments in member States concerning regulation of freedom of expression in the Internet, such as"

9While welcoming the measures foreseen by the Presidential Order for the improvement of conditions in detention, the Assembly notes that prison overcrowding remains high and that living conditions in some prisons are still inadequate.

Tabled by Mr Samad SEYIDOV, Mr Sabir HAJIYEV, Mr Vusal HUSEYNOV, Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, Ms Sahiba GAFAROVA, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV, Ms Ganira PASHAYEVA, Mr Rovshan RZAYEV, Mr Talip KÜÇÜKCAN, Ms Serap YAŞAR, Ms Leyla ŞAHİN USTA
In the draft resolution, paragraph 9, after the word "detention", insert the following words: "and the 25% decrease in the number of pre-trial detainees".

10The Assembly takes note of the internal supervision mechanism of the Ministry of the Interior which has led, over the last five years, to disciplinary measures against 1 647 police officers, of which 156 were dismissed from the service, 139 demoted and 1 351 given warnings. The Assembly encourages the authorities to establish a gender balance also among police officers. The Assembly reiterates that an independent, impartial and effective complaints system for allegations of ill-treatment by law-enforcement officials is of fundamental importance for the enhancement of public trust and confidence in the law-enforcement bodies and in the Azerbaijani justice system in general. It stresses the need to ensure that there is no impunity for misconduct or ill-treatment. It is of utmost importance that all allegations of torture and ill-treatment are promptly and thoroughly investigated. In this context, the Assembly deplores that to date only four of the ten reports on the visits of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) to Azerbaijan have been made public and that there are still six unpublished reports, concerning the periodic visits in 2011 and 2016 and ad hoc visits in 2004, 2012, 2013 and 2015.

Tabled by Mr Samad SEYIDOV, Mr Sabir HAJIYEV, Mr Vusal HUSEYNOV, Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, Ms Sahiba GAFAROVA, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV, Ms Ganira PASHAYEVA, Mr Rovshan RZAYEV, Mr Talip KÜÇÜKCAN, Ms Serap YAŞAR, Ms Leyla ŞAHİN USTA
In the draft resolution, at the end of paragraph 10, insert the following sentence: "At the same time, it welcomes the authorities' intention to make public the remaining CPT reports."
Tabled by the Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee)
In the draft resolution, after paragraph 10, insert the following paragraph:
"The Assembly is also concerned by the reported mass arrests of gay and transgender people and allegations of ill treatment by the police and calls for independent, effective investigations to be conducted into the actions of the police; the Assembly takes note of the release of these persons in the meantime."

11The Assembly welcomes the law on “Ethics Code of Members of National Parliament” to prevent corruption, which envisages measures on mandatory disclosure of conflicts of interests by MPs. However, the Assembly notes with great concern, reports linking the Azerbaijani Government to a large-scale money laundering scheme occurring in the years of 2012 until 2014, used inter alia to influence the work of members of the Assembly as regards the human rights situation in Azerbaijan. The Assembly urges the Azerbaijani authorities to start an independent and impartial inquiry into these allegations without delay and, furthermore, co-operate fully with competent international authorities and bodies on this issue.

12The legislative environment for the operation of non‑governmental, non-commercial organisations, including the regulation of matters relating to their State registration, funding and reporting requirements has been restrictive and has been found not to be compliant with European standards by a number of Council of Europe bodies. The recent limited regulatory changes regarding grants do not fully address the legal barriers to the effective functioning and funding of non-governmental organisations (NGOs). Based on existing legislation and practice, a number of local and international human rights NGOs have been prevented from operating, put under pressure and sometimes investigated. Some of the arrests, detentions and convictions of Azerbaijani human rights defenders appear to be the result of shortcomings in the NGO legislation and how it is implemented. In the light of the above, the Assembly calls on the authorities to continue to review the law on non-governmental organisations with a view to addressing the concerns formulated by the European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission) and creating a better environment for NGOs to carry out their legitimate activities, including those expressing critical opinions. The Assembly welcomes the establishment of the Open Government Partnership Dialogue Platform in co-operation with the international community to strengthen co-operation, communication and partnership among State bodies and civil society organisations and contribute to further expansion of the Open Government Partnership principles and values in Azerbaijan. The Assembly calls on the authorities to invite all civil society organisations, NGOs and political parties to contribute to this platform. Recalling that NGOs enrich democratic processes, the Assembly calls on the authorities to facilitate and encourage their work.

Tabled by Mr Samad SEYIDOV, Mr Sabir HAJIYEV, Mr Vusal HUSEYNOV, Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, Ms Sahiba GAFAROVA, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV, Ms Ganira PASHAYEVA, Mr Rovshan RZAYEV, Mr Talip KÜÇÜKCAN, Ms Serap YAŞAR, Ms Leyla ŞAHİN USTA
In the draft resolution, paragraph 12, in the fifth sentence, after the words "in the light of the above, ", insert the following words: "while welcoming the Presidential Order on "Establishment of a single-window system for procedure of delivery of grants by foreign donors in the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan", which simplified procedures and shortened the list of necessary documents and procedural time-limits,".
Tabled by the Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee)
In amendment 7, replace the words "while welcoming" with the following words: "the Assembly welcomes"; and replace the words "which simplified procedures and shortened the list of necessary documents and procedural time-limits" with the word: "and".
Tabled by Mr Tiny KOX, Mr Frank SCHWABE, Ms Gabriela HEINRICH, Mr Dirk Van der MAELEN, Ms Tineke STRIK
In the draft resolution, at the end of paragraph 12, insert the following sentence: "Open Government Partnership declared Azerbaijan's membership inactive for the second time in May 2016 over the government's treatment of civil society, urging Azerbaijan to address fundamental legislative and practical obstacles to the work of civil society organisations."

13The Assembly is concerned about allegations of a restrictive climate for the activities of the extra-parliamentary opposition and limitations imposed on freedom of assembly. The legislation and practice governing public assemblies, which lacks foreseeability and precision, leads to public assemblies allegedly being banned, including the arbitrary arrest and detention of protesters, which has a negative effect on the exercise of the right to freedom of assembly.

Tabled by Mr Samad SEYIDOV, Mr Sabir HAJIYEV, Mr Vusal HUSEYNOV, Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, Ms Sahiba GAFAROVA, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV, Ms Ganira PASHAYEVA, Mr Rovshan RZAYEV, Mr Talip KÜÇÜKCAN, Ms Serap YAŞAR, Ms Leyla ŞAHİN USTA
In the draft resolution, paragraph 13, at the end of the first sentence, insert the following words: "but notes there have been no recent reports of the limitation of the freedom of assembly".

14While welcoming the release – sometimes through presidential pardon – in 2016 and 2017 of some so-called “political prisoners”/“prisoners of conscience”, which it considers a positive first step, the Assembly remains concerned about the reported prosecution and ongoing detention of NGO leaders, human rights defenders, political activists, journalists, bloggers and lawyers, based on alleged charges in relation to their work. The Assembly expresses its concern that new arrests following releases would diminish the positive signals given by the releases.

Tabled by Mr Samad SEYIDOV, Mr Sabir HAJIYEV, Mr Vusal HUSEYNOV, Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, Ms Sahiba GAFAROVA, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV, Ms Ganira PASHAYEVA, Mr Rovshan RZAYEV, Mr Talip KÜÇÜKCAN, Ms Serap YAŞAR, Ms Leyla ŞAHİN USTA
In the draft resolution, paragraph 14, first sentence, after the words "presidential pardon", insert the following words: "or judicial decisions".
Tabled by the Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee)
In the draft resolution, paragraph 14, in the first sentence, after the words "prisoners of conscience", insert the following words: ", including the latest releases of Mehman Aliyev and Faiq Amirli,".
Tabled by the Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee)
In amendment 12, after the words "Faiq Amirli", insert the following words: "as well as the conditional release of 14 persons convicted in the so-called Nardaran case".
Tabled by Mr Samad SEYIDOV, Mr Sabir HAJIYEV, Mr Vusal HUSEYNOV, Ms Sevinj FATALIYEVA, Ms Sahiba GAFAROVA, Mr Rafael HUSEYNOV, Ms Ganira PASHAYEVA, Mr Rovshan RZAYEV, Mr Talip KÜÇÜKCAN, Ms Serap YAŞAR, Ms Leyla ŞAHİN USTA
In the draft resolution, paragraph 14, after the first sentence, insert the following words: "The Assembly welcomes the recent release of the blogger Aleksandr Lapshin, an Israeli national, the replacement of pre-trial detention with a non-custodial measure for journalist Mehman Aliyev, and the conditional release of 14 persons convicted for participation in Nardaran events."

15Taking all these concerns and developments into account, the Assembly calls on the Azerbaijani authorities to:

15.1promptly ensure full implementation of the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights and co-operate more closely with the Committee of Ministers and the Department for the Execution of Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights;

Tabled by Mr Tiny KOX, Mr Frank SCHWABE, Ms Gabriela HEINRICH, Mr Dirk Van der MAELEN, Mr Boriss CILEVIČS
In the draft resolution, before paragraph 15.1, insert the following paragraph:
"put an end to systemic repression of human rights defenders, the media and those critical of the government, including politically motivated prosecutions; allow for effective judicial review of such attempts; and ensure that the overall climate can become conducive to political pluralism ahead of the forthcoming elections in October 2018;"
Tabled by the Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee)
In the draft resolution, at the end of paragraph 15.1, insert the following sentence: "In this context, the Assembly takes note that the Committee of Ministers instructed the Secretariat to prepare a draft interim resolution giving formal notice to Azerbaijan, as provided for under Article 46 § 4 of the European Convention on Human Rights, of the Committee’s intention to bring before the Court the question whether Azerbaijan has failed to fulfil its obligations under Article 46 § 1 for consideration at their 1298th meeting (25 October 2017), should no tangible progress be made in ensuring Ilgar Mammadov's release"

15.2review the cases of the so-called “political prisoners”/”prisoners of conscience” detained on criminal charges following trials whose conformity with human rights standards has been called into question by the European Court of Human Rights, civil society and the international community, and use all possible means to release those prisoners whose detention gives rise to justified doubts and legitimate concerns, in particular but not exclusively, Ilgar Mammadov, Ilkin Rustamzade, Mehman Huseynov, Afgan Mukhtarli and Said Dadashbayli;

Tabled by the Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee)
In the draft resolution, at the end of paragraph 15.2, replace the words "and Said Dadashbayli" with the following words: "Said Dadashbayli, Fuad Gahramanli and Aziz Orujov".

15.3with regard to checks and balances, reinforce the application of the principle of the separation of powers, and in particular strengthen parliamentary control over the executive;

15.4with regard to the judiciary:

15.4.1pursue the reforms of the judiciary and the prosecution service so as to ensure full independence of the judiciary, especially from the executive, in order to restore public confidence in the justice system;

15.4.2take the necessary measures to resolve the problems revealed by the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights as regards the independence, impartiality and fairness of criminal procedures;

15.4.3refrain from any unjustified application of criminal law to limit freedom of expression;

15.4.4ensure that pretrial detention is only imposed as a measure of last resort and in line with the Council of Europe standards regarding necessity and proportionality, and favour the application of less intrusive measures;

15.4.5ensure also that no pressure is exerted on lawyers defending NGO representatives, political activists, human rights defenders and journalists;

15.4.6set up a juvenile justice system;

15.5with regard to media freedom and freedom of expression:

15.5.1create conditions enabling journalists to carry out their work freely and ensure that no pressure is exerted on them;

Tabled by the Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee)
In the draft resolution, at the end of paragraph 15.5.1, insert the following words: "and, in particular, drop all criminal charges against Mehman Aliyev and those measures which also have an impact on the functioning of the Turan news agency".

15.5.2ensure a genuinely independent and impartial review by the judiciary of cases involving journalists, fight against repression of independent journalists and ensure that there is no more prosecution of independent journalists and bloggers on allegedly trumped-up charges;

15.5.3continue to step up efforts towards the decriminalisation of defamation, in co-operation with the Venice Commission, and in the meantime remove heavy criminal sanctions, such as custodial sentences for defamation, from the Criminal Code;

15.6with regard to freedom of association and political freedom:

15.6.1further amend the legal framework on the functioning and financing of civil society organisations in order to bring it into full compliance with Council of Europe standards;

Tabled by Mr Tiny KOX, Mr Frank SCHWABE, Ms Gabriela HEINRICH, Mr Dirk Van der MAELEN, Mr Boriss CILEVIČS
In the draft resolution, at the end of paragraph 15.6.1, insert the following words: ", including by repealing restrictive laws, unfreezing bank accounts of NGOs and their leaders, and allowing access to independent funding".

15.6.2ensure that no pressure or repression is exerted on civil society organisations and their members and create an environment conducive to NGO activities;

Tabled by Mr Tiny KOX, Mr Frank SCHWABE, Ms Gabriela HEINRICH, Mr Dirk Van der MAELEN, Mr Boriss CILEVIČS
In the draft resolution, at the end of paragraph 15.6.2, insert the following words: ", removing travel bans affecting NGO leaders, journalists and political activists, including human rights lawyer Intigam Aliyev and investigative journalist Khadija Ismayilova".

15.6.3change the domestic legislation and practice on public assemblies to comply with the requirements of Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ETS No. 5) and investigate the excessive use of force by the police against peaceful protesters;

15.7with regard to conditions of detention and allegations of torture and ill-treatment by law-enforcement officials:

15.7.1guarantee the publication of all the unpublished CPT reports, and implement the recommendations contained in those reports;

15.7.2 ensure effective investigation into all reported cases of alleged violations with a view to bringing the perpetrators to justice, and take steps to establish an independent, transparent and effective complaints system for allegations of ill-treatment by law-enforcement officials.

Tabled by Ms Lotta JOHNSSON FORNARVE, Ms Ulla SANDBÆK, Mr Søren SØNDERGAARD, Mr Andrej HUNKO, Mr Ertuğrul KÜRKÇÜ, Mr Marco NICOLINI, Ms Annette GROTH, Mr Matjaž HANŽEK, Mr George LOUCAIDES, Mr Tiny KOX
In the draft resolution, after paragraph 15.7.2, insert the following paragraph:
"release all 145 political prisoners before December 2017."
Tabled by Ms Lotta JOHNSSON FORNARVE, Ms Ulla SANDBÆK, Mr Søren SØNDERGAARD, Mr Andrej HUNKO, Mr Ertuğrul KÜRKÇÜ, Mr Marco NICOLINI, Ms Annette GROTH, Mr Matjaž HANŽEK, Mr George LOUCAIDES, Mr Tiny KOX
In the draft resolution, after paragraph 15.7.2, insert the following paragraph:
"investigate the death in custody of 7 people between April and May 2017 and hold accountable those responsible."